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赛迪顾问：点绿成金——县域生态价值转换的四条路径与五项举措_我的网站

一 |     近年来，部分县域坚持生态优先、绿色发展，立足资源禀赋、主体功能定位和产业基础，积极探索生态资源价值实现路径，在筑牢生态安全底线基础上释放生态资源潜能，逐步形成生态保护赋能、生态产业转化、产业绿色转型、制度机制创新四条路径，为不同类型县域拓宽生态价值转换路径提供了有益实践。县域生态价值转化的四条路径生态保护赋能，以系统治理夯实价值转化根基。以山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理为核心，通过生态修复改善生态环境质量、提升生态系统服务功能，为生态补偿、碳汇开发和生态产业发展创造条件，形成“保护生态—提升价值—反哺保护”的良性循环。该路径主要适用于国家重点生态功能区、水源涵养区、自然保护地以及生态脆弱修复区等区域的县域。

二 |     Islamabad, Oct 21 (UNI) The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) on Friday removed Pakistan from a list of countries under “increased monitoring”, also known as the “grey list”.

Addressing the press conference at the conclusion of the its plenary, President Raja Kumar noted that Pakistan had been on the grey list since 2018.

“It has two concurrent action plans. After a lot of work by Pakistan authorities, they have largely addressed all of the action plan items,” he said.

He stated that the task force had conducted an onsite visit at the end of August. The onsite team verified that there is a high-level of commitment from the Pakistani leadership, sustainability of reforms and commitment to make improvements in the future, he said.

“As a result of these action plans, Pakistan has made significant improvements to strengthen the effectiveness of this framework for combatting terrorism financing.”

Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari was quick to congratulate the country on the development moments before the FATF press conference began, according to Dawn reports.

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said Pakistan’s exiting the FATF grey list is a “vindication of our determined and sustained efforts over the years”, according to reports.

He congratulated the civil and military leadership as well as all institutions whose hard work led to today’s success. “Aap sab ko bohat bohat Mubarak,” the premier said, following up with a text smiley.

In a follow-up tweet, PM Shehbaz particularly commended the role and efforts of Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto, Army Chief General Qamar Javed Bajwa and their teams and all political parties for putting up a united front to get Pakistan out of the grey list.

Pakistan was included among jurisdictions under increased monitoring list in June 2018 for deficiencies in its legal, financial, regulatory, investigations, prosecution, judicial and non-government sector to fight money laundering and combat terror financing considered serious threat to global financial system.

Islamabad made high-level political commitments to address these deficiencies under a 27-point action plan. But later the number of action points was enhanced to 34.

The country had since been vigorously working with FATF and its affiliates to strengthen its legal and financial systems against money laundering and terror financing to meet international standards in line with 40-recommendations of the FATF.

A 15-member joint delegation of the FATF and its Sydney-based regional affiliate — Asia Pacific Group — paid an onsite visit to Pakistan from Aug 29 to Sept 2 to verify the country’s compliance with the 34-point action plan committed with the FATF.

The authorities that had kept the countrywide visit of the delegation low profile later termed it “a smooth and successful visit”.

The delegation had detailed discussions with relevant agencies pursuant to the authorisation of onsite Visit by FATF Plenary in June 2022.

According to the Foreign Office, the focus of the visit was to validate on ground Pakistan’s high-level commitment and sustainability of reforms in AML/CFT regime and [it] looked forward to logical conclusion to the evaluation process.

Pakistan believed that as a result of strenuous and consistent efforts over the past four years, it has not only achieved a high degree of technical compliance with FATF standards but also ensured high level of effectiveness through implementation of two comprehensive FATF action plans.

In June this year, FATF had found Pakistan “compliant or largely compliant” on all the 34 points and had decided to field an onsite mission to verify it on ground before formally announcing the country’s exit from the grey list that finally took place in August and September.

In terms of technical compliance with FATF standards, Pakistan has been rated by APG as “compliant or largely compliant” in 38 out of 40 FATF recommendations in August this year, which placed the country among the top compliant countries in the world.

UNI GNK。山西沁水县持续实施国土绿化、沁河流域生态修复、天然林保护等工程，统筹推进森林、河流、湿地等生态系统保护修复，在提升生态本底的基础上发展生态观光、森林研学、林下种养等绿色业态，推动生态治理成果向产业发展和群众增收转化。陕西留坝县编制生物多样性保护专项规划，实施重点保护项目，建立多部门协同管护机制，加强珍稀动植物栖息地保护修复，在筑牢秦岭生态安全屏障的同时，发展林下经济、生态康养等产业，推动生态保护优势转化为绿色发展优势。生态产业转化，以资源开发拓展价值增值空间。立足优质生态禀赋和特色资源优势，重点发展生态农业、林下经济、生态旅游、森林康养等绿色产业，延伸精深加工、休闲体验、文化创意等价值链条，促进生态资源向生态产品、生态产品向生态产业、生态产业向生态价值、生态价值向经济价值转化，实现生态增值、产业增效、群众增收。该路径主要适用于生态本底优良、特色农林资源富集、生态文旅发展潜力较大的县域。吉林抚松县地处长白山核心生态功能区，深耕人参、蓝莓等特色林下种养产业，推动初级农产品向保健品、精深食品等高附加值环节延伸，联动森林康养、冰雪度假等文旅业态，构建“种养—加工—文旅”全链条价值转化体系，持续将生态资源优势转化为产业发展优势。河北兴隆县依托燕山生态资源和板栗、山楂等特色林果资源，推进标准化种植、精深加工和品牌化运营，培育生态观光、森林康养、乡村民宿等特色业态，推动生态资源向特色产业、生态产品向产业价值转化，实现生态增值与群众增收协同发展。产业绿色转型，以低碳升级释放产业生态价值。以绿色、低碳、循环发展为导向，以节能降碳、清洁生产、资源循环利用为抓手，推进重点行业、园区和企业绿色化改造，推动产业链、供应链和能源体系绿色升级，培育绿色制造、新能源、节能环保等产业，实现资源高效利用、产业提质增效与生态环境改善协同共进。该路径主要适用于工业基础较好、资源型产业占比较高的县域。安徽宁国市立足制造业基础，围绕汽车零部件、耐磨材料等产业推进节能降碳、清洁生产和园区循环化改造，提升资源利用效率，培育节能环保、新能源装备等绿色产业，推动传统制造业绿色升级。山东龙口市聚焦高端铝材料、汽车零部件等优势产业，实施产业链绿色改造，完善固废资源化利用、水资源循环利用体系，布局海上风电、海洋新能源装备等绿色产业，加快工业体系低碳转型。

三 | 制度机制创新，以改革探索畅通价值实现通道。

四 | 以制度创新为突破口，通过搭建政府引导、市场运作的生态资源运营平台，健全价值核算、确权登记、收储运营、交易流转等机制，推动生态资源资产化、资本化，畅通生态价值实现通道，破解生态资源“难度量、难确权、难交易、难变现”等难点堵点。

五 | 该路径主要适用于改革基础较好、生态产品价值实现条件较为成熟的县域。青海祁连县立足祁连山生态安全屏障定位，以生态产品价值实现机制试点为抓手，聚焦核算筑基、交易赋能、补偿激励等关键环节，完善资源确权、价值核算、生态补偿、网格管护等制度体系，探索草原碳汇、生态资产交易等市场化转化路径，为青藏高原生态脆弱地区探索生态价值转化路径提供了实践样板。

六 | 江西资溪县创新“两山银行”运营模式，对山林、水域、古村落等分散生态资源统一收储、整合运营，通过租赁、入股、招商等方式开展市场化开发，推动碎片化生态资源向规模化经营性资产转化，探索形成生态资源市场化运营和价值实现的有效路径。县域生态价值转化的五项举措县域促进生态价值高效转化，必须坚持生态优先、绿色发展，立足禀赋、因地制宜，统筹高水平保护与高质量发展。通过夯实生态基底、推动产绿融合、深化机制改革、汇聚多方合力，打通生态保护、产业升级、价值变现、富民增收全链条，切实将生态资源优势转化为县域绿色发展和富民增收优势。坚持因地制宜，分类施策，找准生态价值转化突破口。全面摸清生态资源底数，建立资源、价值、项目“三张清单”，优先布局生态效益好、市场前景广、带动能力强的绿色项目。生态功能突出县域重点加强生态保护和生态产品供给，积极争取生态补偿，稳妥发展碳汇、生态农业和生态旅游；农业主导县域突出特色生态农产品培育，推进精深加工和品牌营销；工业基础较好县域聚焦产业绿色转型，推进园区循环化改造和企业绿色技改。

七 | 坚持生态优先、系统治理，筑牢价值转换生态基础。把生态保护修复作为生态价值转化的前提和基础，统筹推进山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，严格落实生态保护红线等管控要求。聚焦重点流域、森林湿地、矿山和生物多样性重点区域，实施生态保护修复、森林质量提升等重点工程，持续提升生态系统质量和服务功能，增强优质生态产品供给能力，为生态价值转化和绿色产业发展夯实基础。坚持“两化”协同、融合发展，拓展生态价值实现载体。推动生态产业化与产业生态化协同发力，做强特色农林、林下经济、生态文旅、森林康养等产业，推动生态产品规模化生产、标准化认证、品牌化运营和市场化营销，完善产销配套体系，畅通价值增值链条。

八 | 推进重点行业、园区和企业节能降碳、清洁生产、资源循环利用和绿色技术改造，发展循环经济和绿色供应链，推动传统产业绿色升级。坚持改革赋能、数据驱动，激发价值转化内生动力。

九 | 深化生态产品价值实现机制改革，健全自然资源统一确权登记、生态产品价值核算、生态资源收储运营等制度，积极探索GEP核算、绿色金融、生态补偿、林业碳汇等改革路径。强化人工智能、大数据、遥感监测等数字技术应用，提升生态资源调查、生态环境监测、生态资产管理和生态价值评估数字化水平，推动生态资源由“可感知”向“可计量”、由“可计量”向“可交易”转变。坚持协同联动、多元参与，凝聚生态价值转换合力。加强生态价值转化与乡村全面振兴、新型城镇化等重大战略衔接，完善财政、金融、土地、人才、科技等要素保障机制，健全跨区域生态保护协作和生态文明建设考核评价机制。发挥国家生态文明建设示范区、“两山”实践创新基地等平台载体示范作用，构建政府引导、市场运作、社会参与的生态治理体系，完善利益联结和成果共享机制，推动生态保护成果更多更公平惠及人民群众。

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